You can send everything from presentation for your boss to your child's pictures.
To send an attachement....
Make sure that you are on the main screen of Outlook.

Single or double click on the "New" tab in the upper LEFT corner.
This will open :

From the blank email page, you would click on the INSERT tab. A drop down box will open.
Double Click on FILE.
A box called INSERT FILE open.

From here, you would browse to whereever the document you want to attach is located and double click your selection. This will attach it to your email.
***You can attach word, excel, powerpoint, adobe, pictures, music files, etc but please remember that large files may have trouble going thru.